Teething Process and Symptoms in Babies

One of the most exciting milestones in your little one’s growth and development is the eruption of their first teeth. However, this process can be challenging for both babies and parents. At A Life Health Group, we aim to answer all your questions about the teething process in babies and help you navigate this period more comfortably. In this comprehensive guide, we will cover everything in detail—from the stages of teething and its symptoms to soothing methods, potential complications, and dental care.

Teething is the process of a baby's first teeth emerging through the gums. It usually begins at 6 months, but in some babies, it may start earlier (at 3-4 months) or later (at 12 months). This process varies from baby to baby; some may feel no discomfort, while others may experience pain, irritability, and other symptoms. Genetic factors, nutrition, and overall health can affect the teething process.

The teething process generally follows these stages, with different symptoms observed at each stage:

1. Gum changes: Before teeth emerge, the gums swell, redden, and become sensitive. In some babies, a white spot or line may appear on the gums, indicating where the tooth will come through.
2. Increased drooling: More saliva accumulates in your baby's mouth, which can lead to drooling, wet clothes, and diaper rash around the chin.
3. Biting and chewing urge: Your baby may feel the need to bite and chew objects to relieve gum discomfort. They might try to put their fingers, toys, or anything within reach into their mouth.
4. Irritability and crying: Teething pain can make your baby fussy and prone to crying. Nighttime crying episodes may increase.
5. Sleep disturbances: Pain and discomfort can disrupt your baby's sleep pattern. They may wake up frequently at night, have trouble falling asleep, or sleep for shorter periods.
6. Appetite changes: Some babies may experience a loss of appetite during teething. They might refuse to breastfeed or show reluctance toward solid foods.
7. Other symptoms: Fever (usually not exceeding 38°C), diarrhea (frequent watery stools), cough (due to swallowing saliva), runny nose (due to the connection between mouth and nose), and ear pulling (pain may radiate to the ear) may also be observed. However, there is no definitive evidence that these are directly related to teething.

Teeth usually emerge in a specific order, but this sequence can vary for each baby.

• 6-10 months: Lower central incisors
• 8-12 months: Upper central incisors
• 9-13 months: Upper lateral incisors
• 13-19 months: Lower lateral incisors
• 16-22 months: Upper first molars
• 17-23 months: Lower first molars
• 23-31 months: Upper canines
• 25-33 months: Lower canines
• 25-35 months: Lower second molars
• 35-45 months: Upper second molars

All 20 primary teeth are expected to have erupted by the age of 3.

During the teething period, you can use the following home methods to help alleviate your baby's discomfort: 

1.Cold Application:

• A cold teething ring or a cold cloth can help reduce swelling and pain in the gums. Chill the teething ring in the refrigerator (not the freezer) before giving it to your baby.
• Cold fruits and vegetables (e.g., peeled and chilled cucumber or carrot) can also be soothing to chew. Always supervise your baby to prevent choking.

2.Gum Massage:

• Gently massage your baby's gums with a clean finger to provide relief.
• Apply circular motions with light pressure on the gums while massaging.

3.Safe Chew Toys:

• Provide safe and firm toys that your baby can chew to massage their gums.
• Ensure toys are BPA-free, have no small parts, and are not small enough to swallow.
• Toys with different textures can attract your baby’s attention and provide comfort.

4.Teething Gels:

• Pharmacy teething gels can numb the gums and relieve pain. Consult your doctor before using these gels.
• Follow the instructions on the package and avoid excessive use.

5.Pain Relievers:

• Pain relievers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can be used in doses recommended by your doctor.
• These medications can effectively reduce fever and pain, but always consult your doctor before regular use.

6.Nutrition:

• Offer soft and cold foods as your baby's gums are sensitive.
• Foods like yogurt, pureed fruits and vegetables, and cold soups can be soothing.
• If you are breastfeeding, you may increase the frequency of feeds.

7.Plenty of Fluids:

• Ensure your baby stays hydrated.
• Increase intake of water, breast milk, or formula.
• Dehydration can worsen teething symptoms.

8.Patience and Love:

• Remember that your baby needs extra attention and affection during this period.
• Hold your baby, speak in a calm and soothing tone, and play with them.
• Being patient and supportive will help your baby go through this period more comfortably.

9.Other Methods:

• Ensure your baby’s room is cool and comfortable.
• Use a humidifier to increase room humidity.
• Give your baby a warm bath to help soothe them.
• Engage your baby with games or read books to distract them.

Teething usually does not cause serious complications. However, it is important to consult your doctor in the following situations:

• High Fever: A fever above 38°C may not be caused by teething and could indicate an underlying infection.
• Diarrhea: Frequent, watery stools can lead to dehydration and may require medical attention.
• Ear Infection: Symptoms such as ear pain, irritability, fever, and ear discharge may suggest an ear infection.
• Gum Infection: Excessive swelling, redness, pus, or odor in the gums can be a sign of infection.
• Delayed Teething: If teeth have not erupted by 18 months, it may be related to genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies, or certain health issues.

Baby dental care should begin as soon as the first tooth emerges. Baby teeth serve as placeholders for permanent teeth and play a crucial role in chewing, speaking, and facial development during childhood. Therefore, keeping baby teeth healthy is very important. Here are some dental care tips:

• Cleaning teeth: Brush your baby's teeth twice a day with a soft baby toothbrush and fluoride-free toothpaste. Use the toothbrush gently to avoid damaging the gums.
• Avoid sugary drinks: Do not give your baby sugary drinks (juice, soda, etc.), and especially avoid allowing them to sleep with a bottle. Sugar promotes the growth of bacteria that cause tooth decay.
• Regular dental check-ups: Take your baby for their first dental check-up by age 1. The dentist will monitor your baby's dental development and provide guidance on dental care.
• Pacifier use: Pacifier use can affect teeth and jaw development. Limit pacifier use and stop it after age 2.
• Thumb sucking: Thumb sucking habits can also impact teeth and jaw development. Support your baby in stopping this habit.
• Fluoride: Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and protects against cavities. Use fluoride supplements as recommended by your doctor.
• Nutrition: Ensure your baby has a healthy and balanced diet. Nutrients like calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D are important for dental development.

During the teething period, your baby's appetite may change, and they may refuse certain foods. It is important to pay attention to your baby's nutrition during this time and offer soft, cold, and nutritious foods.

• Cold foods: Cold foods can help reduce pain and swelling in the gums. Options include cold yogurt, pureed fruits and vegetables, and cold soups.
• Soft foods: Since your baby's gums are sensitive, it is important to offer soft and pureed foods. Foods that easily dissolve in the mouth and do not require chewing will help your baby feel more comfortable.
• Nutritious foods: Ensuring your baby receives adequate nutrition during teething is important. Provide foods rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals.
• Breastfeeding: If you continue breastfeeding, you can increase the frequency. Breast milk strengthens your baby's immune system and provides comfort.
• Water: Ensure your baby drinks enough water. Dehydration can worsen teething symptoms.

Teething pain and discomfort can affect your baby's sleep patterns. During this period, it is important to ensure your baby has a comfortable and peaceful sleep environment.

• Sleep routine: Ensure your baby has a regular sleep routine. Put them to bed and wake them up at the same time every day.
• Sleep environment: Make sure your baby's room is cool, dark, and quiet.
• Soothing activities: Before bedtime, you can give your baby a warm bath, read a story, or sing a lullaby.
• Sleep companion: A favorite sleep companion can provide comfort and a sense of security.
• Patience: Be patient as your baby falls asleep and stays asleep. You can hold them, speak in a soothing tone, and sing to them.

As A Life Health Group, we are here to help you navigate the teething period in babies more comfortably with our experienced pediatric dentists and healthcare specialists. You can contact us and make an appointment for all your questions regarding your baby's dental health and care.

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Teething is a natural process in the development of babies. During this period, it is important to have the right information and practices to relieve your baby's discomfort and protect dental health. As A Life Health Group, we are by your side to ensure your baby has a healthy smile.

Remember: The information in this article is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. If you have any concerns about your baby's health, please consult a healthcare professional.