Intestinal Obstruction Surgery

What is Intestinal Obstruction Surgery?

Intestinal obstruction is a serious condition that occurs when a blockage forms in the digestive system, causing the contents of the intestine to accumulate. The obstruction affects the normal function of the intestines and can lead to serious health problems. At A Life Health Group, we will examine in detail what intestinal obstruction is, its symptoms, causes, diagnostic methods, and surgical treatment options.

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What is Intestinal Obstruction?

Intestinal obstruction is the blockage of the small or large intestines, resulting in the disruption of intestinal function. This obstruction can cause the accumulation of fluids, gas, and feces in the intestines, leading to complications. Intestinal obstruction is a condition that requires urgent medical intervention and can have serious consequences if left untreated.

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Types of Intestinal Obstruction

  • Mechanical Obstruction: Occurs due to a physical blockage. This can be caused by tumors, cysts, foreign objects, or adhesions in the intestines.
  • Functional Obstruction: Occurs when the muscles of the intestines do not function properly. It specifically refers to a decrease in the mobility of the intestines (paralytic ileus).

Symptoms of Intestinal Obstruction

The symptoms of intestinal obstruction can vary depending on the location, type, and severity of the blockage. Generally, the following symptoms may be observed:

  • Abdominal Pain: Usually cramp-like and irregular. Pain may increase as the obstruction progresses.
  • Bloating: A feeling of fullness and discomfort in the abdomen. Obstruction causes accumulation of intestinal contents.
  • Loss of Appetite: Individuals may tend to lose interest in eating.
  • Vomiting: The return of stomach contents, sometimes accompanied by yellow-green or brown fluid.
  • Reduced Bowel Movements: Decrease in stool passage or inability to pass stool.
  • Difficulty Passing Gas: The urge to pass gas but being unable to do so.

These symptoms vary with the severity of the obstruction. If symptoms are present, urgent medical attention is required.

Causes of Intestinal Obstruction

There are several causes of intestinal obstruction. These causes include:

1.Mechanical Blockages

  • Foreign Objects: Foreign substances entering the intestines can cause obstruction.
  • Tumors: Cancerous or benign tumors can block the intestines.
  • Adhesions: Adhesions formed after abdominal surgery can prevent normal intestinal movement.
  • Cysts or Abscesses: These structures can cause obstruction in the intestines.

2.Functional Problems

  • Dysfunction of Intestinal Muscles: The intestines function through muscular movements. Weak muscle activity can lead to obstruction.
  • Disease-Related Issues: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or other intestinal diseases can cause obstruction problems.

3.Infections

  • Gastroenteritis: Viral or bacterial infections can affect intestinal movements and lead to obstructions.

Diagnosis of Intestinal Obstruction

The diagnosis of intestinal obstruction is made by a healthcare professional through physical examination and various tests. Methods used during the diagnostic phase include:

1.Physical Examination

The doctor examines the patient's abdominal area to assess pain and bloating. Abdominal sounds are checked, and stool condition is observed.

2.Imaging Tests

  • X-ray: An abdominal X-ray can show intestinal obstruction and gas accumulation.
  • Ultrasound: Used to provide information about the condition of the intestines.
  • Computed Tomography (CT): Performed to obtain more detailed information about the obstruction and its causes.

3.Laboratory Tests

Blood tests can be performed to check general health and detect any existing infection.

Intestinal Obstruction Surgery and Treatment Methods

Intestinal obstruction is generally considered an emergency and requires treatment. Treatment methods include:

1.Medical Treatment
  • Fluid and Electrolyte Support: Intravenous fluids may be administered to prevent dehydration. This can help stabilize the patient’s overall condition.
  • Pain Management: Appropriate painkillers can be used to control pain.

2.Surgical Intervention

Many cases of obstruction may require surgery. Surgical procedures include:

a. Surgical Reconstruction

Performed to repair the physical structure of the intestines. The part causing the obstruction can be removed.

b. Laparoscopic Surgery

A minimally invasive method performed through a few small incisions. This allows investigation of the cause of the obstruction.

c. Open Surgery

If necessary, open surgery can be performed to relieve the intestinal obstruction. This method is preferred for more severe cases.

3.Follow-up and Monitoring

After surgery, the patient’s condition should be continuously monitored. The return of normal intestinal functions should be evaluated through health check-ups.

Prevention of Intestinal Obstruction

Steps to prevent intestinal obstruction include:

  • Balanced Diet: A fiber-rich diet supports intestinal health. Fructans and fiber aid digestion.
  • Adequate Fluid Intake: Increasing daily water consumption helps maintain bowel mobility.
  • Regular Exercise: Physical activity supports the digestive system and helps intestines function properly.
  • Health Check-ups: Consult a healthcare professional if symptoms occur. Individuals with a history of serious intestinal disease should be especially careful.

Intestinal obstruction is a serious condition requiring urgent medical attention. With correct diagnosis and effective treatment, this problem can be managed. At A Life Health Group, we provide information and necessary support regarding intestinal obstruction. If you experience abdominal pain or symptoms of obstruction, consult a healthcare professional immediately. Take the necessary steps for a healthy life and monitor your health!

Prepared by A Life Medical Editorial Board.

Last Updated: 6 Kasım 2025 14:05

Publish Date: 25 Nisan 2024 10:10

Intestinal Obstruction Surgery

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