Laparoscopic Umbilical Hernia Surgery

The abdominal wall consists of skin, fat tissue, muscles, and connective tissue. An umbilical hernia occurs when these muscles and connective tissues weaken. Abdominal organs (intestines, fat tissue) protrude through the weak spot, creating a bulge.

The main muscles of the abdominal wall include:

• Rectus abdominis: The primary muscle group affected around the navel.
• Obliquus externus and internus abdominis: Lateral abdominal muscles that balance intra-abdominal pressure.
• Transversus abdominis: Supports internal organs and provides resistance against hernia formation.

An umbilical hernia develops due to weakening of one or more of these muscles, and the size of the hernia can increase as pressure rises.

The symptoms of an umbilical hernia vary depending on the size of the hernia, its duration, and the degree of weakness in the abdominal wall. Common symptoms include:

• Swelling in the Navel Area: The bulge at the hernia site becomes more noticeable during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, or bending. Over time, the swelling may grow and cause aesthetic discomfort.
• Pain in the Navel Area: Hernias often cause pain along with a feeling of pressure and stretching. Pain can increase during prolonged standing, sitting, or heavy lifting.
• Discomfort and Pressure Sensation: A feeling of fullness or pressure in the hernia area is common. This sensation can limit daily activities and reduce quality of life.
• Cosmetic Deformity: The hernia creates a noticeable protrusion around the navel. This can lead to aesthetic concerns regarding clothing choices and body appearance.
• Nausea and Vomiting: Rarely, the hernia may affect the intestines, causing nausea and vomiting. This can indicate that the hernia requires urgent medical attention.
• Constipation and Digestive Issues: In some patients, the umbilical hernia may interfere with bowel movements, leading to constipation and digestive problems.

Several factors contribute to the development of an umbilical hernia. The main causes include:

• Childbirth and Pregnancy: During pregnancy, intra-abdominal pressure increases, stretching the abdominal wall muscles. Incomplete recovery of these muscles after childbirth increases the risk of an umbilical hernia.
• Excess Weight and Obesity: Excess weight increases intra-abdominal pressure, straining the muscles. Obesity is a significant risk factor for hernia formation.
• Heavy Lifting: Straining the abdominal wall muscles during heavy lifting can weaken them over time, increasing the risk of hernia.
• Chronic Cough: Continuous coughing due to smoking, asthma, or bronchitis exerts pressure on the abdominal wall, facilitating hernia formation.
• Aging: Muscle tissue weakens with age. Especially in individuals over 40, the elasticity of abdominal wall muscles decreases, increasing the likelihood of an umbilical hernia.
• Genetic Factors: Some people have structurally weaker connective tissue, which raises the risk of developing an umbilical hernia.

Laparoscopic umbilical hernia surgery is a minimally invasive surgical method. It carries fewer risks compared to open surgery and has a shorter recovery period.

Surgical Process

• Small Incisions Are Made: Several small incisions are created in the abdominal wall.
• Use of Laparoscope: A thin tube called a laparoscope, equipped with a camera and light source, is inserted. The internal images are displayed on a screen.
• Hernia Repair: The muscles in the hernia area are repaired, and the hernia protrusion is covered with a special mesh. This method reduces the risk of hernia recurrence.

Postoperative care is the most critical phase of the recovery process.

• Light Activity: Avoid heavy physical activities during the first days.
• Balanced Nutrition: Foods rich in fiber prevent constipation and accelerate healing.
• Pain Management: Painkillers prescribed by the doctor should be taken regularly.
• Wound Care: Keeping incisions clean and dry reduces the risk of infection.
• Follow-up Examinations: Attending postoperative check-ups is essential.

• Expert Physician Team: Safe and effective surgical services provided by experienced surgeons.
• Individualized Treatment Plans: A personalized treatment approach for each patient.
• Safe and Modern Methods: Use of state-of-the-art equipment and secure surgical techniques.
• Patient Satisfaction: Patients' comfort and safety are prioritized.
• Confidentiality: All health information is securely protected.