Orthopedics and Traumatology

Orthopedics is primarily a branch of medicine that deals with the structures forming the musculoskeletal system. This system consists of tissues that enable and support the movement of the body, such as bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves. Orthopedics is a specialty that examines congenital or acquired diseases, injuries, and other issues.

Orthopedics addresses chronic diseases, developmental disorders, and problems related to aging.

Traumatology, on the other hand, focuses on the treatment of fractures, dislocations, and other musculoskeletal injuries resulting from accidents or trauma. However, in practice, orthopedic specialists generally provide services in both fields.

Hand surgery deals with issues in the hand and wrist region. These issues may be congenital or acquired. Hand surgery is a branch of orthopedics and is responsible for diagnosis and treatment procedures.

The main goal of orthopedics is to help individuals regain mobility, reduce pain, and improve their quality of life. To achieve this goal, orthopedic specialists use a variety of both surgical and non-surgical treatment methods.

Orthopedic diseases encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system. These conditions, which can involve bones, joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves, may be either congenital or acquired.

Some main categories of orthopedic diseases and common examples include:

Traumatic Conditions (Injuries):

• Fractures
• Dislocations
• Sprains
• Strains
• Ligament Injuries
• Muscle Injuries
• Tendon Injuries

Degenerative Diseases (Due to Aging and Wear):

• Osteoarthritis
• Spondylosis
• Herniated Disc (Lumbar and Cervical)
• Spinal Stenosis

Inflammatory and Rheumatic Diseases:

• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Ankylosing Spondylitis
• Gout
• Lupus (in some cases)
• Scleroderma (in some cases)

Deformities:

• Scoliosis
• Kyphosis
• Lordosis
• Hallux Valgus
• Flatfoot (Pes Planus)
• High Arch (Pes Cavus)
• Hammer Toe
• Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

Orthopedic Problems Related to Neuromuscular Diseases:

• Orthopedic Issues Due to Cerebral Palsy
• Orthopedic Issues Due to Muscular Dystrophy
• Orthopedic Issues Due to Polio Sequelae

Tumors:

• Bone Tumors (Benign and Malignant)
• Soft Tissue Tumors (Benign and Malignant)

Infections:

• Osteomyelitis
• Septic Arthritis

Nerve Compressions:

• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
• Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Metabolic Bone Diseases:

• Osteoporosis
• Rickets
• Osteomalacia

Here are the wide range of services we offer in the field of Orthopedics and Traumatology:

• Fractures: All types of bone fractures (open, closed, complicated, stress fractures, etc.) are treated using modern methods.
• Dislocations: Shoulder, hip, and knee dislocations are treated quickly and accurately by our expert physicians.
• Sprains and Strains: Problems such as sports injuries, joint sprains, and muscle-tendon damage are addressed with appropriate treatment methods after detailed evaluation.
• Ligament Injuries: Ligaments in the knee include the anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus, and collateral ligaments. Ligament injuries can also occur in the ankle and other joints.
• Muscle and Tendon Injuries: Tendon inflammations are known as tendonitis. There are also inflammations of the tendon sheath, known as tenosynovitis.
• Osteoarthritis (Joint Degeneration): Osteoarthritis is common in the knee, hip, and other joints. Pain management is important in these cases. Physical therapy and injections are also used. In advanced cases, total joint replacement may be performed.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: The diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout are carried out with the involvement of multiple specialists.
• Spondylosis (Neck and Lumbar Degeneration): Degenerative changes and arthritis occur in the neck and lower back.
• Herniated Disc (Lumbar and Cervical): Lumbar and cervical hernias cause nerve compression and pain.
• Spinal Deformities: Scoliosis is the curvature of the spine. Kyphosis is known as hunchback. Lordosis is the inward curvature of the lower back.
• Foot Deformities: Hallux valgus (bunion), pes planus (flatfoot), and other foot problems are addressed.
• Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): DDH should be monitored and treated during infancy.
• Orthopedic Problems Related to Cerebral Palsy: Children with cerebral palsy often present with orthopedic issues.
• Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors: The diagnosis and treatment stages of benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumors are conducted in collaboration with oncology specialists.
• Infections (Osteomyelitis, Septic Arthritis, etc.): Bone and joint infections include conditions such as osteomyelitis and septic arthritis.
• Nerve Compressions: Conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome are treated with conservative methods or nerve decompression surgeries.
• Avascular Necrosis: Avascular necrosis (bone death) occurs when the blood supply to the bone tissue is disrupted. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are important in this condition.

In our clinic, modern surgical techniques are successfully applied in the treatment of the diseases mentioned above.

Some of the frequently performed surgical procedures include:

• Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgical methods such as knee, shoulder, hip, and ankle arthroscopy are used. These techniques allow for diagnosis and treatment of problems inside the joint. Arthroscopic surgery offers faster recovery with smaller incisions.
• Total Joint Replacement: In advanced stages of joint degeneration, total joint replacement surgeries such as knee, hip, and shoulder prosthesis operations relieve pain and improve mobility.
• Fracture Fixation: All types of bone fractures are stabilized using implants such as plates, screws, or nails. This supports the healing process.
• Dislocation Reduction and Stabilization: Traumatic joint dislocations are reduced by closed or open methods. Stabilization procedures are performed to reduce the risk of recurrence.
• Ligament Reconstruction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, commonly seen in sports injuries, is performed. These surgeries restore joint stability.
• Meniscus Surgery: Meniscal tears can be repaired or damaged parts removed (meniscectomy) using arthroscopic methods. Meniscus repair is important for preserving knee function.
• Tendon Repair and Transfer: Torn or damaged tendons are surgically repaired. In some cases, tendon transfer is performed to restore lost function.
• Spine Surgery: Surgical methods are used for conditions such as lumbar and cervical herniated discs, spinal fractures, and tumors. These include fusion, discectomy, and laminectomy.
• Scoliosis Surgery: In progressive scoliosis cases, surgical interventions are carried out to correct spinal curvature and stop progression.
• Foot and Ankle Surgery: Surgery for hallux valgus (bunion) is performed. Bunionectomy and other surgical treatments for foot problems are also available.
• Bone Tumor Surgery: Surgical removal and reconstruction of bone tumors are performed by our experienced surgeons.
• Infection Surgery: In bone and joint infections, infected tissues are cleaned (debridement) and appropriate antibiotic treatment is applied.
• Nerve Decompression: Surgical procedures are performed to relieve pressure on nerves in cases of nerve compressions such as carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel syndrome.
• Osteotomy: Osteotomy surgeries, which involve cutting and reshaping bones, are used to correct certain deformities. These surgeries also help redistribute joint load.

Various treatment methods tailored to our patients' needs are applied in our clinic:

• Medication: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, chondroprotectives, and other medications are used to alleviate symptoms and slow disease progression.

• Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation: Reducing movement limitations after surgery or other treatments is important. Expert physiotherapists implement programs to increase muscle strength and speed up recovery.

• Exercise Therapy: Personalized exercise programs strengthen the musculoskeletal system, increase flexibility, and maintain joint health.

• Manual Therapy: Especially for spine and joint problems, special techniques aim to reduce pain and eliminate movement restrictions.

• Orthotic and Prosthetic Applications: Orthoses and prostheses such as braces, corsets, insoles, and prosthetic limbs support body functions and help replace lost functions.

• Injections: Corticosteroid, hyaluronic acid, and PRP (Platelet-Rich Plasma) injections are administered into and around joints. These injections help with pain control and healing.

• Casting and Splinting: Casts and splints are used for fractures, sprains, and some soft tissue injuries, providing temporary or permanent immobilization.

• Cold and Heat Applications: Cold and heat therapies are used to reduce pain and inflammation, relieve muscle spasms, and improve blood circulation.

• ESWT (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy): A treatment method for musculoskeletal problems such as heel spurs and tennis elbow.

• Kinesiology Taping: A special taping technique applied to support muscle and joint functions, aimed at reducing pain and accelerating healing.

Accurate diagnosis is the first step to effective treatment. Our clinic uses the following modern diagnostic methods:

• X-Ray
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Computed Tomography (CT)
• Ultrasonography (USG)
• Bone Densitometry (DXA)
• Electromyography (EMG) and Nerve Conduction Studies
• Arthroscopy (for diagnostic purposes)
• Blood Tests
• Joint Fluid Analysis
• Biopsy

In our Orthopedics and Traumatology Clinic, we prioritize patient satisfaction. We work with a friendly and expert team to provide the best service. You can contact us to regain your freedom of movement and take a step toward a healthy life.

Detailed explanations have been provided above under the heading "What Does Orthopedics Cover?"

Orthopedic doctors deal with diseases and injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Their main areas of focus are:
Fractures, dislocations, sprains
Joint diseases (arthritis, osteoarthritis)
Sports injuries
Spinal problems (scoliosis, herniated disc)
Congenital musculoskeletal disorders
Tendon and ligament injuries

Nerve compression surgeries are performed by Orthopedics and Traumatology specialists. Which department performs the surgery depends on the location and cause of the compression.

If you have knee pain, the first department you should consult is Orthopedics and Traumatology.

The department to visit for back pain is Orthopedics and Traumatology.

Hip pain is handled by the Orthopedics and Traumatology department. They especially deal with problems related to the hip joint and the surrounding muscles, tendons, and ligaments.