Op. Dr. Sabina Koçak

• Ovarian cysts

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

• Ovarian cancer

• Fibroids

• Endometriosis – Chocolate cyst/Deep endometriosis

• Intrauterine problems (Uterine cancer, fibroids and polyps in the uterus, uterine prolapse)

• Vaginal discharge

• Vaginal yeast infection

• Vaginismus

• Pelvic pain and disorders

• Urinary incontinence

• Pelvic floor disorders

• Uterine (endometrial) cancer

• Cervical cancer

• Ovarian cancer

• Fallopian tube cancer

• Vulvar cancer

• Vaginal cancer

• HPV infection and HPV vaccination

• Sexual health

• Infertility (difficulty in conceiving)

• In vitro fertilization (IVF)

• Pregnancy follow-up and delivery

• Diseases during pregnancy

• Menopausal process

A method of examining and intervening inside the uterus by inserting a thin camera (hysteroscope) through the cervix.

Applications:

• Removal of uterine polyps

• Removal of intrauterine adhesions

• Investigation of abnormal uterine bleeding

• Removal of intrauterine devices (IUDs)

The traditional surgical method performed by making a larger incision in the abdominal area.

Applications:

• Removal of large fibroids

• Cancer surgery

• Emergency situations (e.g., ruptured ectopic pregnancy)

• Open hysterectomy

• Open cyst surgeries

• Vaginal surgeries

• Cystocele surgery

• Rectocele surgery

• Bartholin cyst surgery

• Vulvar surgeries

• Vaginal abscess and cyst surgeries

Delivery of the baby through an incision made in the abdomen and uterus.

It is preferred when normal delivery is not possible or poses a risk.

• Labiaplasty (inner labia aesthetics)

• Vaginoplasty (vaginal tightening)

• Perineoplasty

• Hymenoplasty

• Hoodoplasty

• Transvaginal Ultrasonography: A probe inserted into the vagina provides clearer images of the uterus, ovaries, and other pelvic organs.

• Abdominal Ultrasonography: Ultrasound performed over the abdomen to visualize pelvic organs and issues such as fibroids or cysts in the uterus..

A screening test for cervical cancer performed by collecting cells from the cervix to be examined under a microscope.

A test for Human Papillomavirus (HPV), which is a major cause of cervical cancer.

Hormone Tests:

• FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone): Controls ovarian stimulation and egg production.

• LH (Luteinizing Hormone): Triggers ovulation.

• Estrogen: Known as the female hormone.

• Progesterone: Prepares the uterine lining for pregnancy during the second half of the menstrual cycle.

• Thyroid Hormones (TSH, T3, T4): Assess thyroid gland function.

• Prolactin: Stimulates milk production.

• Testosterone: Known as a male hormone but also present in females.

• AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): Indicates ovarian reserve.

These tests are used to diagnose hormonal imbalances related to irregular menstruation, infertility, and hirsutism (excessive hair growth).

• Vaginal Culture: Samples taken from vaginal discharge to check for fungi, bacteria, or other microorganisms.

• Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Tests: Tests for infections like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis.

The Pap smear and HPV tests mentioned above are screening tests for cervical cancer.

Other blood tests (such as CA-125) may be requested if necessary for uterine or ovarian cancer.

For pre-pregnancy evaluation, your doctor may request complete blood count, urine analysis, blood type, and infectious disease screening.

During pregnancy, ultrasounds and blood tests are done to monitor the health and development of the baby. These are known as double, triple, and quadruple screening tests.